Unit 1 - P4

Summarise key developments (from the 1960s onwards) that have shaped the present day travel and tourism sector

Legislations:

Legislation is a law which has been created and approved by a governing body in order to protect an aspect. There is much legislation which is involved with the tourism but I will only be talking about ten of them, the ten are: Development of tourism act 1969, transport act 1980 & 1985, the package travel regulation 1992, the air passenger duty 1998, Data protection act 1998, Future of air transport white paper 2003, Disability discrimination act 2004, Local transport act 2008, Equality act 2010 and finally the Immigration act 2014.

Development of tourism act 1969

The act to promote the British tourist authority with duty to promote the development of tourism in Great Britain and coming to Great Britain and to provide finical back up to existing hotels for extensions, rejuvenations and  alterations to their building and allowing new hotels to build sleeping accommodations with some money aid.
Data protection act 1998The holiday camp opens with 600 chalets 1936: Butlins’ first holiday camp opens at Skegness on April 11 – it costs £100,000 to build. With a capacity of 1,000 guestsButlins sold to RANK organisation for £43 million The three locations which are left are: Bognor Regis, Skegness and Mine head.The hotel opened December of 1999, with 202 suites it attractions posh and wealthy customers, they have four swimming pools (two indoor and two outdoor). In the hotel there are nine world class restaurants and bars and free Wi-Fi around the resort.  The hotel has their own private beach and personal waterpark. Wild wadi Water Park has over nine attractions with various levels of rides as guests staying in the hotel have unlimited access to the waterpark. This hotel is believed to have a seven star hotel rating. In the five star hotel there are 150 rooms, also in the hotel is a three story suite with has an excellent view into the aquarium. In the aquarium there are 65,000 marine animals. Just like Burj Al Arab, the Atlantis hotel has their very own water park; Aquaventure waterpark is 42 acres of fun and is the number one waterpark in the Middle East and Europe. The hotel is also home to the coolest nightclub in Dubai. For a more relaxing holiday they have an indulgent spa which has over twenty seven treatment rooms which over various treatments on offer for customers. The tower is supposed to have 92 floors and be 370 metres. The building is planned to be a green energy building, there building is supposed to move in a dynamic way and it will rise and twist like a wave, hence the name of the tower.The Burj Khalifa is the tallest building in the word and has the highest amount of stories in the world (160 stories). The tower is three times taller than the Eiffel tower.The rail network is the world’s largest fully automated rail network and is driverless. There are 49 stations in total on the train map and around 377, 000 people use it every day. The palm islands are made up from two artificial islands; Palm Jumerian and Palm Jebel Ali. It is sometimes known at the eighth wonder of worth world.Charles Babbage was the first person to come up with the idea of building a computer. His plans were to make a computer that removed calculator errors made by people as he detested errors.Samuel Fedida was an inventor of the view data system. It was used frequently when it was created but nowadays only travel agencies in the UK use the system.  The systems allows travel agents to check the prices and availability of flights and package holidays and then are able to book the one the customers has decided they would like to go to. Tim Berners-Lee created the internet in 1989 and the first webpage was available for people to access on the 6th august 1991. Tim created a new computer language; http/, which many websites operate on in the present day. Expedia was launched in 2011 by Rich Barton and Lloyd Frink. There are 30 sites worldwide so people can book flights, accommodation, package holidays, excursions and many other things to make peoples holiday stress free and fun. British Airways first introduced online check in at some airports in Rome. When customers book in online they are required to print off their boarding tickets and other documents which is related to their holidayAbbe Giovanna Caselli was the first person to transmit a still picture via cables using a machine called pantelegraph. The machine is able to send handwriting, signatures and drawings.

Transport act 1980 & 1985 
The transport act is to amend the law relating to transport, and to provide finical aid to trains services and ticket prices.

The package travel regulation 1992
The package travel regulation is a package to protect the customers in case the holiday (accommodation, transport and flight) is not what it looks like and advertised in the brochure, the customer can get a refund due to the holiday not being what they booked, the refund can be a holiday to somewhere else or money back.

The air passenger duty 1998
Passengers paid £5 on flights within the UK and to other countries in the European economic area and £10 on flights to other destinations.

This act controls how your personal information is used by organisations, businesses or the government. Travel and tourism organisations protect customer’s personal information such as addresses, payment methods (card numbers and security information)

Future of air transport white paper 2003
The future of air transport white paper is a development of airport volume in the UK in the next 30 years, but also making the environment a safe and clean place whilst their transport industry is ever changing.

Disability discrimination act 2004
The act aims to end the discrimination that people with disabilities face daily. These include: finding a job, access to education, access to goods/services and facilities, buying/renting land and property. In the tourism industry, there are jobs available for people who are suffering with a disability adaptions can be made so they can work alongside able- bodied people and when customers are flying they can book special assistance to help with the airport and getting onto flights.

Local transport act 2008
The act is to be providing more for local transport authorities, making the provision and regulation of road transport services and the backing of public transport.

Equality act 201
An act to make people have  strategic decisions about the reducing socio-economic inequalities; to not have an personal view on someone’s characteristics, to stop the differences in pay between male and female employees; to forbid victimisation in workplaces and in public places. The act also adjusts the law about rights and responsibilities in family relationships.

Immigration act 2014
The immigration act is an act to limit access to services, facilities and employment by reference to immigration status; to make provision about marriage and civil partnership involving certain foreign nationals, making it easier for someone to marry a British person for a visa allowing them to stay in the UK

Product Development - Butlins Holiday Camp

1936

“A week’s holiday, between July and September, cost £2.12s.6d per adult and £1.6s.3d per child. That equates to around £133 and £66.50 respectively today”

1936: Skegness holiday camp opens

1938: Clacton holiday camp opens

1972:  Butlins sold for £43 million

1998: three centres rebranded with £139 million invested

Destination Development - Dubai

1999: Burj Al Arab hotel open

2004: Atlantis hotel open

2005: Mall of the Emirates opens  
The mall as 1,200 shops and is 13 million square foot. It is the world’s largest mall and inside is the world’s largest sweet shop and aquarium. The mall is also home to an ice rink and an underwater zoo

2006: Dubai wave tower plans

2008: Burj Khalifa opens   

2010: Dubai metro is opened for public usage

2014: Palm islands is complete

Technological development - Internet

19th Century: first computer plans were invented

1950: view data system was brought in      

1989: Internet invented    

1998: Expedia was created

2005: online check in     

Technological development - Television

1862: first still picture was created

1924: Moving pictures are developed

John Logie Baired was the first person to show the world moving pictures on the TV. John is one of Scotland’s greatest engineers.  

1928: first TV station

W3XK was America’s first commercially licensed television station; the station could only send silhouette images at first. The TV station was owned by inventor Charles Francis

1950: colour TV introduced

Colour TV was introduced and people was excited to watch a program with colour so they had to no longer imagine what the people was wearing or what the scenery actually looked like. When there was problem with a program, colour bars were used to show that something is down or there is a problem and are currently being fixed.  

1997: flat screen telly’s take over

Plasma TV’s offer higher definition compared to the TV’s which were currently on sale. The Plasma hade a wide screen viewing option and was able to watch a program on bright sunny days. There were a few negatives to flat screens TV’s though, which were that they was quite expensive and were easily damageable.

2003: Sky travel The sky travel channel showed programs and documentaries on travelling and destinations an also advertising holidays for sale on the sky travel shop. However the channel was taken off of the air in 2010 due to the competition of the internet

Air Transport Development

1903: First ever aircraft invented  The Wright’s brothers invented and created the first ever successful aircraft and it flew four times.

1958: Boeing 707 first flight Boeing 707 was the first commercially successful aeroplane, it was also the most common and popular aircraft in the late 1960’s and 1970’s

1969: Concorde’s first flight Concorde aircrafts flew faster than the speed of sound, due to how fast it flew it was not allowed to fly over certain countries due to the noise it produced. There was only 26 Concorde aircrafts in total and they were in operation from 1976- 2003.Concrod aircrafts could fly over the Atlantic ocean in 3.5 hour where normally aircrafts take around or a bit more than eight hours.

2005: airbus A380 first flight The A380 can carry 525 passengers and up to 3,000 suitcases. The aircraft craft is a double deck and is one of the biggest passenger planes in the sky. The aircrafts are so big that only twenty runways in the world can have the aircraft at their airports.

2009: Boeing 787 Dreamliner first flight The 787 has 308 seats. It is a modern plane with mood lighting which mimics the day and night outside of the plan to reduce passenger’s jet lag. The aircraft have more oxygen on board so passengers feel refreshed when stepping off to their destination. The on board entertainment also passengers to plug in their own electrical devices to watch movies they have streamed to their device or look at photos that have been taken on holiday.

Rail Transport Development

1804: First steam train Richard Trevithick was the inventor of steam powered trains; the trains operate by burning a fuel (mainly coal) and turning into steam powering the train’s movement. Some countries which are still developing have steam trains as they do not have electric railway lines.

1863: London underground opened The London underground was first called the ‘Metropolitan railway’. There are now 274 stations on eleven lines serving over three million people daily.

1964: Shinkansen opens Nicknamed the ‘bullet train’ as it goes 320 km/h (199 mph).the train is a lot like a plane as you can reserve seats in various classes and pay for Wi-Fi whilst you on your journey.

1994: Eurostar opens The queen opened Eurostar at waterloo international and then proceeded to get in a Eurostar train all the way to Calais to meet the French president. In 2003, set the UK rail speed record which was 208mph.

Future: HS2

The hs2 stands for high speed two and will run between London Euston and the midland. The first phase of the hs2 will be from Euston station to Birmingham

Sea Transport development Cruises

1911: RMS titanic first voyage The RMS titanic sunk during its first trip at sea. To build the ship it came to a total around $7, 500,000. The ship sunk due hitting an iceberg, however there was six warnings to let the captain know about the iceberg presence.

1969: Royal Caribbean cruise line set up Song of Norway was Royal Caribbean first cruise, the company now have twenty two ships and one of them is the world’s biggest ship (Oasis of the seas).

1972: Carnival cruise liner The first Carnival cruise ship was called the TSS Mardi Gras, the company now have twenty four ships in total and is the world’s most popular cruise line. As Carnival cruises are the most popular, it is the leader in the cruising industry and is one of the most recognised brands in the tourism world. Ted Ariosn is the owner if Carnival cruise’s as set up the company as he wanted cruises to be accessible for all and not just for the wealthy people of the society